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Adi Shankaracharya : |
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Adi Shankaracharya was one of the most notable philosophers as well as Savants of India. In his short lifespan of thirty-two years, he became one of the greatest teachers of the Vedas. He was a major proponent of the Vedanta tenet that 'Lord Brahma and men are of one essence and every individual should try to develop this vision of oneness'. As per him, God is one and the only way to achieve salvation is through the study of the Vedas. He founded four Shankaracharya Peethas (spiritual centers) in the four corners of India, which uphold his teachings. |
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Shankaracharya Ashrams in India
Adi Shankaracharya established four peeths or maths in the four corners of India. Known as Amnaya Peethas, Shankaracharya Ashrams count amongst the most revered pilgrim destinations in the country. The heads of these four institutions are considered the principal Shankaracharyas in India.
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Vedanta Jnana Peetha, Sringeri (South India) Sringeri is situated in Karnataka, on the embankment of river Tunga. Great sages like Vibhan-daka, Rishyashringa, etc have meditated here in the ancient times. The serene and calm environs of Sringeri charmed him and he established his first Vedanta Jnana Peetha here. He installed there the idol of Sri Sharada, the Goddess of Learning, and named Sureshwara as the Head of that Sharada Peetha.
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The three other Adi Shankracharya Maths in India are as follows- |
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Govardhana Peetha in Jagannath Puri (Orissa). |
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Kalika Peetha, Dwaraka (Gujarat). |
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Jyotih Peetha, Badarikashrama (Uttarakhand/Uttaranchal). |
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About Adi Shankaracharya
Adi Shankaracharya was the first philosopher who consolidated Advaita Vedanta, one of the sub-schools of Vedanta. He believed in the greatness of the holy Vedas and was a major proponent of the same. Not only did he infuse a new life into the Vedas, but also advocated against the Vedic religious practices of ritualistic excesses. He founded four Shankaracharya Peethas in the four corners of India, which continue to promote his philosophy and teachings. Adi Sankaracharya biography reveals that he was also the founder of Dashanami monastic order and the Shanmata tradition of worship. |
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Childhood of Adi Shankaracharya
Adi Shankaracharya was born as Shankara in around 788 AD in a Brahmin family in Kaladi village of Kerala. He was born to Sivaguru and Aryamba a number of years after their marriage. It is said that Aryamba had a vision of Lord Shiva, in which he promised her that He would incarnate Himself in the form of her first-born child. The life history of Adi Shankracharya tells us that he showed great intelligence right from his childhood. He mastered all the Vedas and the Vedanta in gurukul itself and could recite the epics and Puranas by heart. |
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Adopting Sanyasa (Monastic Life)Adi Shankaracharya was attracted towards sanyasa right from his childhood. One day, while bathing in the Purna River, Shankaracharya was attacked by a crocodile. Seeing his mother's incapability to rescue him, he asked her to give him the permission to renounce the world. Left with no other option, she agreed to it. Shankaracharya recited the mantras of renunciation and immediately, the crocodile left him. Thus started the life of Shankara as an ascetic. He left Kerala and moved towards South India in search of a Guru. |
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Meeting Govinda Bhagavatpada and EnlightenmentOn the banks of Narmada River, Shankara met Govinda Bhagavatpada. Impressed by his knowledge of the Vedas and the Vedanta, he took Shankaracharya under his tutelage. Under the guidance of his Guru, Shankara mastered Hatha, Raja and Jnana Yoga. Thereafter he received initiation in the knowledge of Brahma. Thus was born Adi Shankaracharya, whose aim in life was to spread the Vedic teachings of the Brahma Sutras throughout the world.
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Adi Sankaracharya TeachingsThe philosophy and teachings of Adi Sankaracharya were based on the Advaita Vedanta. He preached 'Non-Dualism'. It means that each and every person has a divine existence, which can be identified with the Supreme God. The mere thought that human being is finite with a name and form subject to earthly changes, is to be discarded. The bodies are diverse, but the soul of all the separate bodies is the same, the Divine One.
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The Four Adi Shankaracharya Peethas |
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Vedanta Jnana Peetha, Sringeri (South India). |
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Govardhana Peetha in Jagannath Puri (East India). |
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Kalika Peetha, Dwaraka (West India). |
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Jyotih Peetha, Badarikashrama (North India). |
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